Obstetrics & Gynecology 8

1. Question

The diagnostic tests used in prenatal diagnosis include the following except:

Ultrasonography
Amniocentesis
Chorionic villi sampling
Cordocentesis
Biophysical profile

2. Question

Which is false with regards to the lower genital tract infections

The lower genital tract is lined by stratified squamous epithelium during puberty under the influence of estrogen
Normal vaginal pH is around 3.5 – 4.5
The pH after the menopause is around 7.0.
Candidal infection is increased in pregnancy, with combined oral contraceptive pill usage and broad-spectrum antibiotic usage
Candida is the commonest cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of childbearing age.

3. Question

The following procedures can be performed under ultrasound guidance

Oocyte recovery
Chorionic villus sampling
Intrauterine blood transfusion
Diagnosis of fetal genotype
All of the above

4. Question

The following are the clinical features of inevitable abortion except:

Bleeding
Cervical dilatation of >3cm
Passage of fetal parts
Contractions
Fetal death on Ultrasonography

5. Question

Which of the following medications protects against neural tube defects?

Vitamin B6.
Iron.
Folic acid.
Zinc.
Magnesium

6. Question

The following receptor-binding sites are found in the human breast include all except

Prolactin
Progesterone
Luitenizing hormone
All of the above
None of the above

7. Question

The risk factors for placenta previa iAdvanced maternal age ncludes the following except:

Advanced maternal age
Nulliparity
Smoking
Prior history of placenta previa
Prior suction and curettage for abortion.

8. Question

Which of the following would cause first trimester abortion?

Chromosomal abnormalities
Cervical incompetence
Bicornuate uterus
Gestational hypertension
Pre-eclampsia

9. Question

Barrier methods of conception

Prevent spermatozoa from entering the womb by chemical means
Are available in the form of vaginal films
Can be used as a back-up if oral contraceptive pills have been missed
Emphasizes that the user does not include for at least 6 hours
With non oxynol-9 protect against some sexually transmitted infections

10. Question

The management of Eclampsia includes the following except

Full clinical evaluation and baseline investigation
Control of fits
Control of hypertension
Conservative management for those women with only 1 fit
Delivery of the baby

11. Question

A 39 years old para 4 presents to the clinic with complaint of post coital bleeding for the past three months. Your first investigation would be

Dilatation & Curettage
Cone biopsy of cervix.
Pap smear.
Colposcopy.
Laparoscopy.

12. Question

The following associations are appropriate except

Lie: cephalic
Presentation: breech
Station: level of the ischial spines
Engagement: two-fifths
Presenting part: shoulder

13. Question

The following are factors that will cause abnormal lie except

Fibroid
Congenital abnormalities
Oligohydramnios
Fetal abnormality
Placental abruption

14. Question

Which is false concerning PPH

Blood loss of > 500ml after vaginal delivery
Blood loss of < 1000mls after cesarean section
Decrease in > 10% of PCV
Blood loss enough to cause hemodynamic instability
Secondary PPH is hemorrhage after 24 hours but within 6 weeks.

15. Question

Non-contraceptive benefits of the oral contraceptive pill include except

Protection against cervical carcinoma
All of the above
Treatment of primary dysmenorrhea
Protection from ovarian carcinoma
Regular menstrual periods

16. Question

Which is false regarding maternal mortality

Includes death caused by an ectopic pregnancy
Is death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy due to factors related or aggravated by pregnancy
Epilepsy is the commonest cause of indirect maternal death.
Is most often caused by obstetric hemorrhage.
Unsafe abortion could lead to maternal mortality.

17. Question

Which is false concerning puerperium

Puerperium is six weeks period after child birth
Lochia rubra lasts for 3 – 4 days
Lochia alba starts after the 10th day
Lochia serosa lasts from day 4 – 10
Menses returns after 6 weeks in lactating mothers

18. Question

Active management of the third stage of labour entails

Early cord clamping
Digital examination of the lower segment to rule out retained placenta
Giving oxytocic drugs before delivery of the placenta
Awaiting the signs of placental separation
None of the above

19. Question

Urge incontinence

Is due to pelvic anatomic defect.
Patient loses small amount of urine.
Can be diagnosed with stress test.
Can be treated medically.
Can be treated surgically with sling

20. Question

Net weight gain in pregnancy is

1 – 5 kg
2 – 7 kg
10 – 12 kg
6 – 8 kg
14 – 16 kg

21. Question

Regarding Cervical incompetence, which is true?

Cone biopsy is not a predisposing factor
Cerclage is contraindicated
Is not encountered with uterine anomalies
Best diagnosed by history taking
Is a cause of early pregnancy abortion

22. Question

Regarding manual vacuum aspiration, which is false

A common complication is uterine perforation
Asherman’s syndrome is as common a complication as with sharp curettage
Vaso-vagal shock is a complication
Acute hematometra may occur
It may be used effectively for endometrial biopsy

23. Question

Regarding pathological lesions of the bartholin’s gland

Bartholin’s abscess is best treated by excision
All bartholin’s cyst will result in an abscess
Neisseria gonorrhea is often implicated as a causative organism
The use of word catheter is preferable to simple incision and drainage
Cancer of the bartholin’s gland must be ruled out

24. Question

The relation of the fetal parts to one another determines

Presentation of the fetus.
Lie of the fetus.
Attitude of the fetus.
Position of the fetus.
None of the above

25. Question

Which of these is not a characteristic of normal labor

Spontaneous in onset
Descent of the presenting part
Induced labor is normal labor
Progressive cervical effacement
Augmented labor is normal labor

26. Question

Which of the following factors predispose to genital prolapse:

Repeated LSCS
Multiparty
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Endometriosis
Repeated Candidiasis

27. Question

Which of the following is a characteristic of the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?

Low follicle stimulating hormone levels
High luteinizing hormone levels
High progesterone levels
High inhibin levels
High estradiol levels

28. Question

The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is associated with

High luteinizing hormone level
High progesterone levels
High estrogen level
Low basal body temperature
Proliferative changes in the endometrium

29. Question

Which of the following is false concerning VVF

The commonest cause of VVF is prolonged obstructed labor
The definitive treatment is lazko operation
Pelvic irradiation is a modality of treatment
Trauma is a known cause
Complications include endometritis and amenorrhea

30. Question

In normal girls, breast development and pubic hair growth

Begins at about same time
Always precedes the menarche
Stops before the menarche
Occurs 2 years after the adrenarche
Is the final part of puberty to occur

31. Question

Amniocentesis is done at

10 – 12 weeks
14 – 20 weeks
20 – 24 weeks
28 – 32 weeks
32 – 36 weeks

32. Question

The mechanism of infertility in pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) includes the following except

Polycystic ovary
Ciliary damage
Hydrosalpinx
Pyosalpinx.
Peritubal adhesions

33. Question

Concerning management of Benign Trophoblastic disease

Anti-hypertensives are not useful
A mole of 14 weeks is treated by suction curettage(12WKS)
Pulmonary metastasis is usual and is not an indication for chemotherapy in patients with high HCG levels
Progressively high B-HCG levels from 4-6 weeks post evacuation is an indication for chemotherapy
Monthly chest X-ray is recommended

34. Question

The following are presumptive skin signs of pregnancy except

Chloasma
Maculo-papular rash
Linea Nigra
Stretch Marks
Spider Telangiectasia

35. Question

The following are effects of malaria on pregnancy except

Anemia
Abortions
Excessive quickening
Low birth weight
Maternal and perinatal mortality

36. Question

Concerning Benign Trophoblastic disease, which of these is false

Complete type is associated with evidence of fetus
Partial mole has evidence of the presence of a fetus
High levels of B-HCG cause thyrotrophic effects
Cigarette smoking is a recognized risk factor
All are correct

37. Question

Which is false concerning twin delivery

The first twin is at greater risk than the second.
May predispose to hyperemesis gravidarum
Labor usually occurs prior to term.
Labor is not extended.
There is a risk of postpartum hemorrhage.

38. Question

Components of biophysical profile includes all the following except

Fetal tone
Fetal weight
Fetal breathing movement
Amniotic fluid index
Fetal heart rate

39. Question

Stage 1 cancer of the cervix, which of these is false

Is confined to the uterus
May not be visible on clinical examination
Has a better prognosis than stage 1 cancer of the endometrium
May be treated with intracavitary radiation and external radiotherapy
All are correct

40. Question

The following are tocolytics except

Salbutamol
Nifedipine
Atosiban
MgSO4
Prostaglandins

41. Question

Regarding laparoscopy, which is false

It cannot be used for the assessment of tubal patency
It can be done under local anesthesia
It can be used for the treatment of uterine fibroids
Complications include air embolism
It is only useful for the diagnosis but not the treatment of endometriosis

42. Question

Invasive carcinoma of the cervix, which is true

Is commonly an adenocarcinoma
Can present as vaginal discharge
Is often diagnosed at laparoscopy
Is common in nulliparous women
Is treated by cone biopsy

43. Question

Progress in labor is measured by

The frequency of uterine contractions.
The force of uterine contractions.
Duration of contractions
Dilation of the cervix.
The length of time since rupture of the membranes.

44. Question

In fetal hemolytic disease, the following are true signs of fetal compromise except

Polyhydramnios
Placental thickening
Fetal hepatomegaly
Fetal ascites
Increase in amniotic fluid bilirubin

45. Question

Mean age for menopause is:

40 years.
45 years.
51 years.
48 years.
39 years.

46. Question

The advantages of the midline episiotomy

Less blood loss.
Reduced incidence of dyspareunia.
Less anal sphincter damage.
Less pain in the postpartum period.
It is easier to repair.

47. Question

Concerning ectopic pregnancy

A history of secondary amenorrhea is not mandatory
Beta HCG estimation is unuseful in its diagnosis
The silent presentation is most commonly seen
The most common location is the isthmus of the fallopian tube
Heterotropic pregnancy is more common with assisted conception

48. Question

Which of the following is false concerning PMTCT in pregnant women?

Prevention of HIV/AIDS in mother is cheaper than treating pediatrics patient
Membranes could be ruptured at any time
Exclusive breast feeding is highly recommended
Episiotomy should be avoided
Avoid frequent vaginal examinations

49. Question

which is false with relation to molar pregnancy

The uterus often appears larger on palpation than one would expect for gestation.
Hyperemesis is often seen in patients with molar pregnancies.
Ultrasound is not useful in the diagnosis of molar pregnancy and the diagnosis is usually made on histology.
B-HCG is elevated.
Hydatidiform mole can be complete or partial

50. Question

In patients with repeated spontaneous mid-trimester abortions the differential diagnosis will include all except

Cervical incompetency
Folic acid deficiency
Maternal syphilis
Chromosomal abnormalities
Maternal hyperthyroidism