Pharmacology and Therapeutics MCQ II

Question 1 of 98

1. Question

Sucralfate: Which of the statements below is correct?

It contains sucrose and aluminium.
It rarely causes drug interactions.
It causes diarrhea.
It is effective for treating early stages of gastric cancer.

Question 2 of 98

2. Question

Which of the following statements about Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid combination is incorrect?

It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
The action of amoxicillin is potentiated by clavulanic acid.
It is the drug of choice for treating infections caused by Pseudomonas.
Attains high levels in the gall bladder.

Question 3 of 98

3. Question

Which of the following statements regarding the antibiotics is incorrect?

Neomycin is useful for gut preparation for colo-rectal surgery.
Clavulanic acid protects amoxicillin from inactivation by beta-lactamases.
Amoxicillin is effective against some Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli, and Gram-negative cocci
The use of gentamycin is contraindicated in neonates.

Question 4 of 98

4. Question

Of prostaglandins, which of the following is incorrect?

They are cyclic fatty acids with a cyclopentane ring.
Prostaglandin F2 alpha increases uterine sensitivity to oxytocin.
They are used to induce labor at term.
They are not found in seminal vesicles.

Question 5 of 98

5. Question

Thiamine: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is synonymous with Vitamin B12.
It is present in low levels in nuts and beans.
It is necessary for optimal function of the myocardium.
It is essential for prostaglandin synthesis.

Question 6 of 98

6. Question

Which of the following may result from use of corticosteroids?

Greater tendency towards acquiring bacterial infections.
Positive response by patients with acne vulgaris.
Amelioration of psychoses.
Improvement in peptic ulcer patients.

Question 7 of 98

7. Question

Bisacodyl: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It is a potent purgative.
It is a laxative.
It should be used with caution in the first trimester of pregnancy.
3It is available in tablet and suppository preparations

Question 8 of 98

8. Question

Aminoglycosides: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

They are nephrotoxic.
They may impair hearing.
They are well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
They may cause vestibular damage.

Question 9 of 98

9. Question

Sulfonamides: Which of the statements below is correct?

They are naturally-occurring antibacterial agents.
They are antibiotics.
They are bactericidal.
They exhibit cross-resistance within the group.

Question 10 of 98

10. Question

Oral contraceptives: Which of the statements below is correct?

They contain high doses of estrogens and/or progestogens.
They are taken thrice daily.
They should not be prescribed for illiterates.
They may lead to pregnancy if the patient’s compliance is poor.

Question 11 of 98

11. Question

Which of the following associations is incorrect?

Vitamin C and treatment of scurvy.
Vitamin B2 and treatment of angular stomatitis.
Vitamin E and the treatment of rickets.
Vitamin A and the treatment of night blindness.

Question 12 of 98

12. Question

Systemic corticosteroids are advocated for treating which of the following?

Erythema multiforme major.
Hypertension.
Pulmonary tuberculosis.
Glaucoma.

Question 13 of 98

13. Question

Which of the following drugs is appropriate for treatment of mild diarrhea in a 5-year-old?

Loperamide.
Kaolin and pectin.
Oral rehydration salts.
Diphenoxylate.

Question 14 of 98

14. Question

Aminoglycosides do not include which of the following drugs?

Gentamycin.
Streptomycin.
Neomycin.
Bacitracin.

Question 15 of 98

15. Question

Which of the following statements about sulfonamides is correct?

They are usually taken intravenously.
They are usually absorbed from the large intestines.
Phthalylsulfathiazole is excreted in feces mostly unchanged.
Cotrimoxazole is a combination of a sulfonamide and an analgesic.

Question 16 of 98

16. Question

Which of the following statements about oral contraceptive pills is incorrect?

The 21-tablet preparations should be taken from the seventh day of the menstrual cycle.
The 28-tablet preparations should be taken from the day menstruation starts.
Withdrawal bleeding is expected about five days after finishing the 21-tablet preparation.
The last seven tablets in the 28-tablet packet usually contain hematinics.

Question 17 of 98

17. Question

Which of the following deficiency states is not associated with the vitamin mentioned?

Pernicious anemia and riboflavin.
Pellagra and niacin.
Beri-beri and thiamine.
Keratomalacia and retinol

Question 18 of 98

18. Question

Adverse effects of prolonged use of systemic corticosteroids do not include which of the following?

Growth retardation in childhood.
Development of cataract.
Immunosuppression.
Dehydration.

Question 19 of 98

19. Question

Clotrimazole cream is ineffective in the treatment of which of the following diseases?

Tinea unguium.
Pityriasis versicolor.
Erythrasma.
Tinea capitis.

Question 20 of 98

20. Question

Gentamycin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is available as injection and tablet.
It is usually effective in treating infections caused by Entamoeba coli.
It is expected to successfully treat infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
It has a normal dose range of 30–50mg/kg/day.

Question 21 of 98

21. Question

Which of the following statements about sulfonamides is correct?

Metabolism in the liver is by N-acetylation.
A good state of hydration is not essential while the patient is on treatment with sulfonamides.
Glucuronides are precursors of sulfonamides.
They are safe when given to a woman with term pregnancy, but are unsafe in the first trimester.

Question 22 of 98

22. Question

Which of the following is an adverse effect of oral contraceptives?

Dehydration.
Weight loss.
Hypotension.
Breast tenderness

Question 23 of 98

23. Question

The liver is not a source of which of the following?

Vitamin A.
Vitamin K.
Vitamin B1.
Ascorbic acid.

Question 24 of 98

24. Question

A topical corticosteroid may be used as sole agent in the treatment of which of the following?

Tinea corporis.
Herpes simplex.
Localized pityriasis rosea.
Generalized pruritus in a diabetic.

Question 25 of 98

25. Question

Which of the following is a dermatological antifungal drug?

Hydrocortisone cream.
Acyclovir cream.
Benzylbenzoate emulsion.
Miconazole powder.

Question 26 of 98

26. Question

Streptomycin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is usually given intravenously.
It is safe when taken by a woman who is six weeks pregnant.
It may cause vertigo, tinnitus, and loss of balance.
It is used as a sole drug in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Question 27 of 98

27. Question

Sulfonamides may not be used in the treatment of which of the following?

Syphilis.
Urinary tract infection.
Typhoid carriers.
Pre-operative bowel sterilization.

Question 28 of 98

28. Question

Oral contraceptives are contraindicated in which of the following?

Malaria
Carcinoma of the breast.
A patient who previously used an intrauterine contraceptive device.
A woman who had a spontaneous vertex delivery eight weeks previously.

Question 29 of 98

29. Question

Which of the following vitamins is not found in eggs?

Folic acid.
Vitamin B12.
Vitamin B2.
Vitamin D.

Question 30 of 98

30. Question

Regular (Soluble) insulin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is a long-acting insulin.
It should be first-line treatment for Type-2 diabetes mellitus.
It is ineffective for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
It should not be used in a rural clinic without facilities to estimate blood glucose or at least urine sugar.

Question 31 of 98

31. Question

Which of the following statements about topical dermatological preparations is correct?

Steroid/salicylic acid lotion is used for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.
Hydrocortisone cream effectively treats pityriasis versicolor.
Hydrocortisone cream is useful for measles treatment.
Triamcinolone acetonide ointment is not used to treat neurodermatitis.

Question 32 of 98

32. Question

Tetracyclines: Which of the statements below is correct?

They should be taken after meals.
They are the drugs of choice for treating infections by bacteroides.
They should be given to a two-year old child.
When taken concomitantly with iron- and aluminium-containing drugs they show impaired gastrointestinal absorption.

Question 33 of 98

33. Question

With regards to the sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim combination, which of the following statements is incorrect?

There is inhibition of bacterial synthesis of folic acid
Trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolate reductase.
Sulfamethoxazole is a competitive inhibitor of para-aminobenzoic acid.
One tablet contains trimethoprim 400mg. and sulfamethoxazole 80mg.

Question 34 of 98

34. Question

Which of the following is a progestogen used in oral contraceptive pills?

Norethisterone.
Mestranol.
Ethynodiol diacetate.
Norgestrel.

Question 35 of 98

35. Question

Taking enough milk does not prevent deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

Vitamin D.
Vitamin B2.
Vitamin B12.
Vitamin C.

Question 36 of 98

36. Question

Lente insulin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is a short-acting insulin.
It is usually administered three times daily.
It should be given before breakfast
It goes by the trade name Lantus insulin.

Question 37 of 98

37. Question

When applied to skin, which of the following drugs is ineffective?

Antihistamines.
Bupivacaine
Antibiotics.
Analgesics.

Question 38 of 98

38. Question

Which of the following drugs is an example of tetracyclines?

Sertraline.
Minocycline.
Spectinomycin.
Clindamycin.

Question 39 of 98

39. Question

Nitrofurantoin: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It is a synthetic nitrofuran.
It is used mainly in treating urinary tract infection.
It is contraindicated in neonates.
It rarely causes nausea.

Question 40 of 98

40. Question

Which of the following statements about oral contraceptive pills is incorrect?

Progestogen-only pills are known to cause weight gain and acne.
A nauseated woman on combined oral contraceptive pills is most likely having a side-effect of estrogens.
Heavy smokers should not use oral contraceptives.
Cerebrovascular accidents and depression are unlikely in patients who take oral contraceptive pills.

Question 41 of 98

41. Question

Which of the following is a parenteral preparation of iron in clinical use?

Ferrous sulphate.
Ferrous gluconate.
Iron-sorbitol/citrate.
Ferrous succinate.

Question 42 of 98

42. Question

Hypoglycemia may result in a diabetic on insulin therapy if which of the following takes place?

Too little food is taken.
Too little insulin is taken.
Too much food is taken.
Any exercise is undertaken.

Question 43 of 98

43. Question

In the treatment of bacterial infections which of the following statements is applicable?

Any available antibiotic may be used.
Likely causative organisms should be thought of before starting treatment.
Culture and sensitivity results must be obtained before commencing treatment in severe cases.
As many antibiotics as possible should be used for satisfactory results.

Question 44 of 98

44. Question

Tetracycline should not be used for which of the following?

For treating chlamydial infections.
To treat alpha-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
To treat rickettsial infections
In patients with renal failure.

Question 45 of 98

45. Question

Metronidazole: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It is an imidazole drug.
It is effective against anaerobic bacteria.
When taken with alcohol it gives a disulfiram-like effect.
It is safe when taken by women in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Question 46 of 98

46. Question

Reliability of oral contraceptive pills may not be reduced by concomitant use of which of the following drugs?

Rifampicin.
Phenobarbital.
Sulfonamide.
Acetaminophen.

Question 47 of 98

47. Question

Which of the following statements about iron salts is correct?

They are absorbed in the ascending colon.
They may be used to treat anemia in patients whose blood film shows megaloblasts.
The ferrous salts are less well absorbed than the ferric salts by the gastrointestinal tract
Their absorption is impaired in patients who are on magnesium trisilicate.

Question 48 of 98

48. Question

Which of the following drugs is not expected to worsen untreated diabetes mellitus?

Adrenaline.
Glucocorticoids.
Antihistamines.
Frusemide.

Question 49 of 98

49. Question

Pentazocine: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It is a weak narcotic agonist.
At a dose of 30–60mg intramuscularly, it gives satisfactory analgesia.
Overdosage of this drug is reversed by naloxone.
It may be administered orally.

Question 50 of 98

50. Question

When using antibiotics to treat patients, which of the following represents good practice?

Using adequate doses of antibiotics.
Using overdose of antibiotics for “rapid cure.”
Discontinuing antibiotics as soon as symptoms subside.
Using antibiotics for every case of fever not responding to antimalarials.

Question 51 of 98

51. Question

Which of the following statements about the tetracyclines is incorrect?

They are bacteriostatic.
Doxycycline is safer than other tetracyclines when used by patients with renal impairment.
They are useful in treating non-gonococcal urethritis.
They have no place in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Question 52 of 98

52. Question

Nystatin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
It is effective against Candida species.
It is available as pessaries and cream only.
The cream should not be used for candidal intertrigo.

Question 53 of 98

53. Question

Concerning injectable contraceptives, which of the statements below is correct

Medroxyprogesterone acetate is an active ingredient.
Norethisterone ananthate should not be used.
Ethinylestradiol is the most effective drug.
They are used every six weeks.

Question 54 of 98

54. Question

Regarding iron preparations which of the following statements is correct?

They should be taken by pregnant women to prevent anemia in pregnancy.
They should not be administered to children less than one year of age.
Treatment for two weeks ensures replenishment of depleted body stores.
They should be stopped immediately after a pregnant woman has a normal delivery.

Question 55 of 98

55. Question

Which of the following is a known source of clinically useful insulin?

Pigs.
Snakes.
Green-leafy vegetables.
Eggs.

Question 56 of 98

56. Question

Narcotic antagonists include which of the following?

Nalorphine.
Pethidine
Flurazepam.
Pethilorphan.

Question 57 of 98

57. Question

Which of the following is not a penicillin?

Cloxacillin
Kanamycin.
Carbenicillin.
Amoxycillin.

Question 58 of 98

58. Question

Erythromycin: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It is a macrolide.
It may satisfactorily treat infections caused by Pseudomonas and Proteus.
It is useful in treating patients who are allergic to the penicillins.
It causes epigastric distress.

Question 59 of 98

59. Question

Antifungal drugs do not include which of the following?

Miconazole.
Clotrimazole.
Cotrimoxazole.
Ketoconazole.

Question 60 of 98

60. Question

Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?

Retinol.
Cyanocobalamin.
Vitamin D.
Phytonadione.

Question 61 of 98

61. Question

Which of the following statements about iron preparations is correct?

Concomitant use with tetracycline therapy may lead to iron intoxication.
A deficiency state may result from gastric resection.
Ferrous gluconate 300mg contains 300mg elemental iron.
Iron preparations are not indicated in treatment of heavy hookworm infestation.

Question 62 of 98

62. Question

Which of the following is not a symptom attributable to overdose of insulin?

Constipation.
Tremulousness.
Sweating.
Nightmares.

Question 63 of 98

63. Question

Which of the following statements about antacids is incorrect?

The non-absorbable ones are salts of weak bases.
The absorbable ones lead to rapid acid neutralization.
Calcium carbonate can cause alkalosis.
Drugs of the non-absorbable type increase gastric absorption of iron.

Question 64 of 98

64. Question

Which of the following is not a feature of penicillins?

They are bacteriostatic
They have 6-amino-penicillanic acid nucleus.
Benzyl penicillin is naturally-occurring.
Phenoxymethyl penicillin is semi-synthetic.

Question 65 of 98

65. Question

Cephalosporins: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

They have a broad-spectrum of antibacterial activity.
They can be used safely in patients who are allergic to penicillins.
Before identifying the causative infective organism treatment may be commenced using them.
They have a beta-lactam ring.

Question 66 of 98

66. Question

Griseofulvin: Which of the statements below is incorrect

It is effective for treating Trichophyton and Epidermophyton infections.
It may be used to treat tinea capitis and tinea corporis.
It causes headache and gastrointestinal discomfort.
In tinea unguium treatment, cure is achieved in less than two weeks.

Question 67 of 98

67. Question

Water-soluble vitamins do not include which of the following?

Vitamin E.
Riboflavin.
Thiamine.
Nicotinic acid.

Question 68 of 98

68. Question

Iron dextran: Which of the statements below is correct?

It should be given deep intramuscularly.
It may be given subcutaneously in obese individuals.
It may be given as an intravenous bolus injection.
It may be given intravenously to asthmatics.

Question 69 of 98

69. Question

Magnesium trisilicate: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is an absorbable antacid.
It is likely to cause constipation.
It is combined with aluminium hydroxide in some antacids.
It is safe even in patients with significant renal impairment.

Question 70 of 98

70. Question

Which of the following statements about the penicillins is correct?

Their absorption is mainly from the ascending colon.
Benzathine penicillin is an orally effective penicillin.
Phenoxymethyl penicillin is an oral penicillin.
It is ideal to take penicillins in a full stomach.

Question 71 of 98

71. Question

Which of the following statements about cephalosporins is incorrect?

Cephalexin is well absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract.
Ceftazidime is readily destroyed by beta-lactamase.
Cefuroxime is resistant to degradation by beta-lactamases.
Pain at intramuscular injection site is common.

Question 72 of 98

72. Question

Antifungal pessaries: Which of the statements below is correct?

They may be used as suppositories.
They should be inserted into the posterior fornix.
They are almost always effective following single dose therapy.
They are the drugs of choice for candidal vulvitis.

Question 73 of 98

73. Question

Which of the following statements about Vitamin A is incorrect?

The precursor is carotene.
Vitamin A is stored in the body.
It is required for growth of bones and epithelial cells.
Xerophthalmia is the result of excessive blood levels of the vitamin.

Question 74 of 98

74. Question

Hydroxycobalamin is not useful in the treatment of which of the following?

Subacute combined degeneration of the cord.
Pernicious anemia.
Sickle cell disease.
Fish tapeworm disease

Question 75 of 98

75. Question

Which of the following statements about aluminium salts is incorrect?

Aluminium hydroxide is the usual preparation in antacids.
Fluoride and phosphate are bound by these antacids.
Patients on prolonged, unrestricted use of aluminium hydroxide are prone to bone sclerosis
The liquid preparation ensures a large surface area for acid neutralization.

Question 76 of 98

76. Question

Which of the following statements about penicillins is incorrect?

Penicilloic acid is a metabolite of benzyl penicillin.
They should be applied to the skin for treatment of bacterial skin infections.
They are excreted by the kidneys.
They may be found in bile.

Question 77 of 98

77. Question

Chloramphenicol: Which of the statements below is correct

It is bactericidal.
It is poorly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract.
It is conjugated by glucuronic acid.
It is given to adults in a dose of 20mg/kg/day.

Question 78 of 98

78. Question

Oxytocin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is synthesized in the corpus callosum.
It is stored in the anterior pituitary.
It inhibits uterine contractions.
It stimulates myoepithelial cells of the breast.

Question 79 of 98

79. Question

Vitamin K: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It is a fat-soluble vitamin.
It has leafy vegetables and liver as rich sources.
Its deficiency is unlikely in a person who eats vegetable oils adequately.
It is essential for glycoprotein synthesis and calcium absorption.

Question 80 of 98

80. Question

Which of the following drugs used in the management of seizures does not alter blood folic acid levels?

Phenytoin.
Carbamazepine.
Diazepam.
Primidone.

Question 81 of 98

81. Question

Cimetidine: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is a histamine-H2 receptor blocking agent.
It should be used for not longer than two weeks.
It is one of the drugs developed recently for treatment of duodenal ulcer.
It should not be used concomitantly with antacids.

Question 82 of 98

82. Question

Penicillins are not effective in treating infections caused by which of the following organisms?

Pneumococci.
Meningococci. `
Spirochetes.
Mycobacteria.

Question 83 of 98

83. Question

Chloramphenicol is ineffective in treating which of the following?

Shigellosis.
Typhoid fever.
Haemophilus influenzae meningitis.
Leprosy.

Question 84 of 98

84. Question

Oxytocin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It should not be used to induce labor in a primigravida.
It may be used to induce labor in a pre-eclamptic patient.
It should be given as a bolus dose intravenously to augment labor.
It should not be given after the third stage of labor as it may cause uterine rupture.

Question 85 of 98

85. Question

Vitamin B12: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It is present in eggs and meat.
It is found in low amounts in milk
It is important for erythrocyte maturation.
It plays a role in the function of nervous tissue.

Question 86 of 98

86. Question

Folic acid supplementation is useful in which of the following?

Sickle cell anemia.
Megaloblastic anemia of undetermined origin.
All epileptics.
Patients on methotrexate.

Question 87 of 98

87. Question

Ranitidine is not used in the treatment of which of the following?

Duodenal ulcer.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Chronic dyspepsia.
Gastric cancer.

Question 88 of 98

88. Question

Which of the following is not an example of hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins?

Urticarial rashes.
Anaphylaxis.
Folliculitis.
Sudden death.

Question 89 of 98

89. Question

Which of the following statements about the use of chloramphenicol is correct?

It should not be administered intravenously.
When given intramuscularly, the absorption is good.
It should not be used for more than five days.
It may cause bone marrow depression.

Question 90 of 98

90. Question

Ergometrine: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is useful in augmentation of labor.
It causes rhythmic uterine contractions.
It should be given 30 minutes after delivery of a singleton.
It may be given intramuscularly or intravenously.

Question 91 of 98

91. Question

Which of the following statements about Vitamin E is correct?

It is present in margarine and groundnuts.
Leafy vegetables are poor sources of this vitamin.
It plays an important role in mineralization of bone.
In high blood levels it may cause hemolytic anemia.

Question 92 of 98

92. Question

Corticosteroids: Which of the statements below is correct?

Of the mineralocorticoid group they are exemplified by hydrocortisone.
They are contraindicated in cerebral malaria.
They are available as inhalers.
They are useful in treatment of septic shock.

Question 93 of 98

93. Question

Which of the following statements about Diclofenac is incorrect?

It is an effective anti-inflammatory agent but a poor antipyretic.
A dose of 50mg twice daily for one week is normal for an adult.
The suppository is recommended for use in pediatrics.
Its use predisposes to development of hyperkalemia.

Question 94 of 98

94. Question

Benzyl penicillin is not a recommended drug to treat which of the following

Actinomycosis.
Syphilis.
Gonorrhea.
Urinary tract infection.

Question 95 of 98

95. Question

Spectinomycin: Which of the statements below is correct?

It is usually effective in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis.
It is ineffective against gonococcal proctitis.
It is excreted by the gall bladder.
It is usually given intramuscularly as a single 0.5g adult dose.

Question 96 of 98

96. Question

Salbutamol: Which of the statements below is incorrect?

It should be used to prevent abortion in the first trimester.
It may abolish a premature labor
Its side effects include headache and fine tremors.
It may be given as a titrated intravenous infusion in obstetrics.

Question 97 of 98

97. Question

Which of the following statements about folic acid is incorrect?

It is useful to sickle cell anemia patients.
Overcooking of green leafy vegetables depletes this vitamin content.
Fruits and liver are rich sources.
Megaloblastosis is the result of toxicity of folic acid.

Question 98 of 98

98. Question

Hydrocortisone: Which of the statements below is correct?

It should not be given intravenously.
It is useful in severe allergy.
It should not be used if adrenaline has already been administered.
It is useful in status epilepticus.