Therapeutics MCQ 2

Question 1 of 93

1. Question

What is the main benefit of using a topical anesthetic gel before local anesthesia injection?

Reduce the cost of treatment by eliminating injections.
Numb the site of injection, minimizing discomfort from the needle.
Provide deeper and longer-lasting anesthesia.
Prevent allergic reactions to local anesthetic drugs.

Question 2 of 93

2. Question

What is the primary mechanism of action of local anesthetics used in oral procedures?

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
Blockade of sodium channels
Enhancement of GABA receptors
Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis

Question 3 of 93

3. Question

What is the primary purpose of using antihistamines in oral pharmacology?

Pain relief
Reduction of inflammation
Treatment of allergic reactions
Prevention of bacterial infections

Question 4 of 93

4. Question

What potential complication can occur if orthodontic appliances are not properly sanitized and maintained?

Allergic reactions to the appliance materials.
Transmission of oral bacteria and increased risk of infections.
Staining or discoloration of the appliances.
Both (b) and (c).

Question 5 of 93

5. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing calcium supplements in orthodontics?

Enhance tooth movement
Reduce pain
Strengthen bone density
Control bleeding

Question 6 of 93

6. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to address allergic reactions to latex-based orthodontic appliances?

Analgesics
Antihistamines
Corticosteroids
Antibiotics

Question 7 of 93

7. Question

Which adverse effect is MOST associated with the use of nitrous oxide for conscious sedation in dentistry?

Nausea and vomiting
Allergic reactions
Difficulty breathing
Long-term dependence

Question 8 of 93

8. Question

Which oral antimicrobial agent is often prescribed for the treatment of bacterial infections in the oral cavity?

Acetaminophen
Amoxicillin
Ibuprofen
Lorazepam Answer: B) Amoxicillin Explanation: Amoxicillin is a commonly prescribed antibiotic for bacterial infections in the oral cavity.

Question 9 of 93

9. Question

Which medication class is commonly used to manage pain and inflammation associated with orthodontic treatment?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Corticosteroids
Muscle relaxants
Antihistamines

Question 10 of 93

10. Question

What is the importance of regular dental checkups and professional cleanings during orthodontic treatment?

Monitor tooth movement progress and adjust treatment plan as needed.
Identify and address potential problems like cavities, gum disease, or appliance issues.
Provide professional cleaning to remove plaque and debris that brushing alone cannot reach.
All of the above.

Question 11 of 93

11. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to address dry mouth (xerostomia) associated with orthodontic appliances?

Analgesics
Saliva substitutes
Antibiotics
Corticosteroids

Question 12 of 93

12. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing oral hydration solutions in orthodontics? –

Control bleeding –
Reduce pain –
Prevent infection –
Address dry mouth (xerostomia)

Question 13 of 93

13. Question

What is the main disadvantage of using oral antibiotics compared to injectable antibiotics for dental infections?

Lower efficacy in reaching the site of infection.
Increased risk of allergic reactions.
Potential for antibiotic resistance development.
Higher cost of treatment.

Question 14 of 93

14. Question

What is the primary purpose of using antifungal agents in oral pharmacology?

Pain relief
Reduction of inflammation
Treatment of fungal infections
Prevention of bacterial infections

Question 15 of 93

15. Question

Which adverse effect is MOST associated with long-term use of NSAIDs for orthodontic pain management?

Drowsiness
Gastrointestinal upset and potential for ulcers
Allergic reactions
Skin rashes

Question 16 of 93

16. Question

What type of dietary counseling may be beneficial for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment?

Choosing soft foods to avoid damaging appliances.
Maintaining adequate nutrient intake for optimal bone health and tooth movement.
Limiting sugary and acidic foods to prevent cavities and enamel erosion.
All of the above.

Question 17 of 93

17. Question

What is the primary function of prescribing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in orthodontics?

Control bleeding
Enhance tooth movement
Reduce pain and inflammation
Relax jaw muscles

Question 18 of 93

18. Question

What is the primary function of prescribing bisphosphonates in orthodontics?

Enhance tooth movement
Reduce pain
Strengthen bone density
Control bleeding

Question 19 of 93

19. Question

How do bisphosphonates, used for osteoporosis management, affect dental implant placement?

They inhibit bone growth and healing, leading to implant failure.
They increase bone density, providing a stronger foundation for implants.
They have no impact on dental implant placement or success.
They interact with anesthesia, increasing side effect risks during surgery.

Question 20 of 93

20. Question

Which category of drugs is commonly used to treat allergies and may be prescribed for allergic reactions in the oral cavity?

Antihypertensives
Antipyretics
Antihistamines
Anticoagulants

Question 21 of 93

21. Question

What medication is sometimes used to manage excessive gum tissue overgrowth around orthodontic appliances?

Fluoride varnish
Topical corticosteroids
Chlorhexidine mouthwash
Antibiotics

Question 22 of 93

22. Question

How can patients manage excessive saliva production, a common side effect of certain orthodontic appliances?

Avoid sugary and acidic foods that stimulate saliva production.
Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free candy to increase saliva flow.
Practice relaxation techniques to manage stress and anxiety, which can contribute to saliva production.
Both (a) and (c) can be helpful depending on the individual and cause of excessive saliva production.

Question 23 of 93

23. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to address oral infections related to orthodontic appliances?

Analgesics
Topical anesthetics
Antibiotics
Antifungals

Question 24 of 93

24. Question

Which medication class is associated with an increased risk of dry mouth (xerostomia)?

Antidepressants
Antihypertensives
Antihistamines
All of the above

Question 25 of 93

25. Question

What is the primary mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in oral pharmacology?

Blocking histamine receptors
Inhibiting gastric acid secretion
Reducing blood clotting
Enhancing insulin sensitivity

Question 26 of 93

26. Question

Which class of drugs is commonly used for preventing blood clot formation in oral surgery?

Analgesics
Antihypertensives
Anticoagulants
Antibiotics

Question 27 of 93

27. Question

What advice should be given to patients regarding oral hygiene practices with fixed orthodontic appliances?

Use a soft-bristled toothbrush specifically designed for braces.
Angle the toothbrush at 45 degrees to clean both the teeth and appliances effectively.
Floss with a special floss threader or interdental brushes to reach under wires and brackets.
All of the above are essential tips for good oral hygiene with braces.

Question 28 of 93

28. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing antacids in orthodontics?

Control bleeding
Reduce pain
Alleviate heartburn or gastric reflux
Enhance tooth movement

Question 29 of 93

29. Question

What is the primary advantage of using a mouthwash containing chlorhexidine for oral hygiene?

Whitens teeth and removes surface stains.
Provides fresh breath and eliminates bad odor.
Controls plaque formation and reduces gum inflammation.
Soothes oral pain and relieves discomfort from ulcers.

Question 30 of 93

30. Question

Which class of drugs is commonly used for reducing anxiety in dental procedures?

Analgesics
Antipsychotics
Anxiolytics
Antifungals

Question 31 of 93

31. Question

What is the primary purpose of using anxiolytics in oral pharmacology?

Pain relief
Reduction of inflammation
Antibiotic prophylaxis
Reducing anxiety in patients

Question 32 of 93

32. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing analgesics in orthodontics?

Reduce inflammation
Control bleeding
Relieve pain
Prevent infection

Question 33 of 93

33. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to address allergic reactions to orthodontic materials?

Antihistamines
Corticosteroids
Analgesics
Muscle relaxants

Question 34 of 93

34. Question

A patient with a history of allergic reactions to penicillin is prescribed amoxicillin for a dental infection. What additional information should be collected before dispensing the antibiotic?

The specific symptoms of the previous penicillin allergy.
Whether the reaction occurred with oral or injectable penicillin.
The severity of the previous reaction, including any emergency intervention required.
All of the above are important details to assess the risk of cross-sensitivity and determine if amoxicillin is safe to use.

Question 35 of 93

35. Question

Which over-the-counter medication should be avoided by patients with hypertension taking beta-blockers?

Decongestants containing pseudoephedrine
Cough suppressants with dextromethorphan
Antihistamines for allergy relief
Antacids for heartburn relief

Question 36 of 93

36. Question

What is the primary purpose of vasoconstrictors in local anesthetics used in oral procedures?

Pain relief
Prolonging the duration of anesthesia
Reducing inflammation
Preventing bacterial infections

Question 37 of 93

37. Question

Which mineral plays a crucial role in bone metabolism and tooth movement during orthodontic treatment?

Calcium
Iron
Vitamin D
All of the above

Question 38 of 93

38. Question

Which type of medication is commonly used to control inflammation during orthodontic treatment?

Antibiotics
Corticosteroids
Analgesics
Antifungals

Question 39 of 93

39. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing corticosteroid mouth rinses in orthodontics?

Control bleeding
Reduce pain
Prevent infection
Manage inflammation

Question 40 of 93

40. Question

A patient taking immunosuppressant medication for transplant surgery requires dental treatment. What additional protocol might be implemented before and after the procedures?

Use of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent post-operative infections.
Monitoring of white blood cell count to assess immune function before and after procedures.
Consultation with the patient's transplant physician to discuss potential risks and precautions.
All of the above may be implemented depending on the specific patient, medication, and procedure.

Question 41 of 93

41. Question

What is the main concern regarding the use of fluoride toothpaste in young children?

Allergic reactions to fluoride ingredients.
Potential for excessive ingestion and fluorosis of developing teeth.
Interference with other medications or supplements.
Reduced effectiveness compared to adult toothpaste formulations.

Question 42 of 93

42. Question

Which class of drugs is commonly used to manage hypertension in oral pharmacology?

Antibiotics
Antipyretics
Antihypertensives
Antifungals

Question 43 of 93

43. Question

What is the main purpose of using mouthwash containing chlorhexidine during orthodontic treatment?

Whiten teeth and remove surface stains.
Control plaque bacteria and reduce gum inflammation around appliances.
Mask bad breath and provide a pleasant taste in the mouth.
Soothe oral pain and relieve discomfort from ulcers.

Question 44 of 93

44. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing antibiotics in orthodontics?

Control bleeding
Reduce pain
Prevent infection
Enhance tooth movement

Question 45 of 93

45. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to address oral candidiasis (thrush) associated with orthodontic appliances?

Analgesics
Antiseptic mouthwash
Topical antifungals
Muscle relaxants

Question 46 of 93

46. Question

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes requires dental treatment. What is the main concern regarding this combination?

Increased risk of bleeding during procedures.
Impaired wound healing and delayed recovery from dental surgery.
Higher susceptibility to post-operative infections due to compromised immune function.
All of the above are potential concerns when treating a patient with uncontrolled diabetes.

Question 47 of 93

47. Question

What is the purpose of using a topical fluoride varnish as part of a dental hygiene regimen?

Replace daily brushing with fluoride toothpaste.
Provide a high concentration of fluoride for deep tissue penetration.
Mask bad breath and provide a pleasant taste in the mouth.
Act as a pain reliever for sensitive teeth.

Question 48 of 93

48. Question

What is the primary mechanism of action of corticosteroids used in oral pharmacology? –

Blocking histamine receptors
Inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis
Reducing inflammation and immune responses
Enhancing insulin sensitivity

Question 49 of 93

49. Question

Which dietary supplement may be beneficial for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with bone resorption concerns?

Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Glucosamine

Question 50 of 93

50. Question

Which medication is commonly used as a vasoconstrictor in local anesthetics during orthodontic procedures?

Epinephrine
Lidocaine
Ibuprofen
Acetaminophen

Question 51 of 93

51. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing nasal decongestants in orthodontics? –

Control bleeding –
Reduce pain –
Relieve nasal congestion –
Prevent infection

Question 52 of 93

52. Question

A patient taking medications for anxiety and depression reports feeling drowsy before a dental appointment. What should the dentist advise?

Reschedule the appointment for a time when the patient feels more alert.
Inform the patient that sedation dentistry may be necessary for the procedure.
Reassure the patient and adjust the treatment plan to minimize stress and discomfort.
Both (b) and (c) might be considered depending on the severity of drowsiness and the planned procedure.

Question 53 of 93

53. Question

How does xylitol, a sugar alcohol found in some gum and candies, benefit oral health?

Neutralizes acid produced by oral bacteria, preventing tooth decay.
Stimulates saliva production, helping to wash away food debris and bacteria.
Acts as a prebiotic, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria in the mouth.
All of the above.

Question 54 of 93

54. Question

What is the primary purpose of using fluoride in oral pharmacology?

Pain relief
Reduction of inflammation
Prevention of tooth decay
Treatment of fungal infections

Question 55 of 93

55. Question

How can bisphosphonates, used for osteoporosis management, affect orthodontic treatment?

They enhance bone remodeling and accelerate tooth movement.
They suppress bone turnover and may delay tooth movement.
They have no impact on orthodontic treatment effectiveness.
They increase the risk of tooth fractures during treatment.

Question 56 of 93

56. Question

What is the primary function of fluoride supplements in orthodontic treatment?

Reduce pain
Enhance tooth movement
Strengthen enamel and prevent cavities
Control inflammation

Question 57 of 93

57. Question

Which medication is commonly prescribed to address gingival inflammation associated with orthodontic appliances?

Analgesics
Antibiotics
Topical corticosteroids
Antiseptic mouthwash

Question 58 of 93

58. Question

A patient taking herbal supplements mentions using St. John’s wort for mood management. What should the dentist consider regarding potential drug interactions?

St. John's wort can interfere with the metabolism of certain medications, affecting their effectiveness.
Combining St. John's wort with local anesthetics used in dentistry can increase the risk of seizures.
St. John's wort can increase blood pressure, potentially causing complications during dental procedures. All of the above are potential concerns when a patient is taking St. John's wort along with other medications.
Answer: (d) All of the above are potential concerns when a patient is taking St. John's wort along with other medications.

Question 59 of 93

59. Question

What type of medication is used to treat herpes labialis (cold sores) around the mouth?

Antibiotics
Antifungals
Antivirals
Antihistamines

Question 60 of 93

60. Question

Which category of drugs is commonly used for treating moderate to severe pain in dental procedures?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Opioid analgesics
Antihistamines
Antifungals

Question 61 of 93

61. Question

What type of medication may be used to manage temporary tooth sensitivity associated with orthodontic adjustments?

Antidepressants
Anticonvulsants
Topical fluoride products
Desensitizing toothpaste

Question 62 of 93

62. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to alleviate discomfort caused by mouth sores or ulcerations during orthodontic treatment?

Antibiotics
Analgesics
Topical anesthetics
Corticosteroids

Question 63 of 93

63. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in orthodontics?

Enhance tooth movement
Reduce pain
Control bleeding
Alleviate gastric reflux

Question 64 of 93

64. Question

A pregnant patient experiences a dental emergency requiring pain relief medication. What is the safest approach for pain management?

Prescribe the same over-the-counter pain medication she normally uses.
Use local anesthesia for pain relief during any emergency procedures.
Consult with the patient's obstetrician to determine the safest medication options specific to her pregnancy stage.
Avoid any pain medication and rely on alternative pain management techniques.

Question 65 of 93

65. Question

What is the potential risk of using over-the-counter oral pain relievers for extended periods of time?

Addiction and dependence on the medication.
Stomach ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Kidney damage and impaired renal function.
All of the above.

Question 66 of 93

66. Question

What is the primary mechanism of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used in oral pharmacology?

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
Blockade of sodium channels
Enhancement of GABA receptors
Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis

Question 67 of 93

67. Question

How can excessive fluoride intake during orthodontic treatment impact teeth?

Increase tooth whitening effect and remove surface stains.
Weaken tooth enamel and lead to dental fluorosis.
Enhance tooth remineralization and strengthen enamel.
Have no significant impact on tooth development or health.

Question 68 of 93

68. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing muscle relaxants in orthodontics?

Control bleeding
Reduce pain
Enhance tooth movement
Relax jaw muscles

Question 69 of 93

69. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to address discomfort and ulcerations caused by orthodontic appliances rubbing against oral tissues?

Topical corticosteroids
Analgesics
Saliva substitutes
Topical anesthetics

Question 70 of 93

70. Question

A patient on long-term medication therapy requests a teeth whitening procedure. What should the dentist do before proceeding?

Review the patient's medication list to identify any potential interactions with teeth whitening agents.
Consult with the patient's primary care physician regarding potential oral health and medication interactions related to the whitening procedure.
Both (a) and (b) are necessary steps to ensure safe and effective teeth whitening for the patient.
Teeth whitening is generally safe for all patients regardless of medication use.

Question 71 of 93

71. Question

What is the main reason for limiting sugary drinks and snacks in a child’s diet for good oral health?

Sugar directly damages tooth enamel.
Sugar promotes the growth of acid-producing bacteria in the mouth.
Sugar weakens the immune system, making teeth more susceptible to cavities.
Sugar inhibits the absorption of important minerals for tooth development.

Question 72 of 93

72. Question

Which class of drugs is commonly used to treat fungal infections in the oral cavity?

Antipyretics
Antibiotics
Antifungals
Antihypertensives

Question 73 of 93

73. Question

What is the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment?

Prevent plaque buildup around appliances, reducing the risk of cavities and gum disease.
Maintain fresh breath and avoid social embarrassment.
Ensure optimal tooth movement and treatment progress.
All of the above.

Question 74 of 93

74. Question

Which medication is commonly used to control nausea and vomiting associated with orthodontic procedures?

Antacids
Antiemetics
Analgesics
Antibiotics

Question 75 of 93

75. Question

Which medication may be recommended to address excessive salivation (hypersalivation) associated with orthodontic appliances?

Analgesics
Anticholinergics
Antibiotics
Antifungals

Question 76 of 93

76. Question

Which medication class is commonly used for the treatment of oral candidiasis (thrush)?

Antibiotics
Antifungals
Corticosteroids
Antihistamines

Question 77 of 93

77. Question

What is the importance of regular dental checkups and professional cleanings?

Early detection and treatment of dental problems like cavities and gum disease.
Removal of plaque and tartar buildup that brushing alone cannot fully remove.
Application of fluoride varnish and other preventive measures to strengthen teeth.
All of the above.

Question 78 of 93

78. Question

Which class of drugs is commonly prescribed for preventing or managing seizures in oral pharmacology?

Analgesics
Antipsychotics
Anticonvulsants
Antifungals

Question 79 of 93

79. Question

What is the main concern regarding the use of antibiotics for routine orthodontic procedures like wire changes or adjustments?

Increased risk of developing antibiotic resistance.
Overdependence on antibiotics for pain management.
Masking underlying dental infections through temporary pain relief.
All of the above.

Question 80 of 93

80. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing antiseptic mouthwash in orthodontics?

Reduce pain
Prevent infection
Control bleeding
Enhance tooth movement

Question 81 of 93

81. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing benzocaine gels or creams in orthodontics?

Reduce pain and inflammation
Control bleeding
Prevent infection
Enhance tooth movement

Question 82 of 93

82. Question

What is the primary side effect of topical corticosteroids used for oral inflammatory conditions?

Drowsiness
Increased oral candidiasis risk
Gastrointestinal upset
Difficulty swallowing

Question 83 of 93

83. Question

What type of dental procedure may require the use of antibiotics before and after the treatment?

Routine fillings and minor dental repairs.
Tooth extractions and oral surgery procedures.
Cosmetic dentistry procedures like teeth whitening.
Orthodontic treatment with braces or aligners.

Question 84 of 93

84. Question

What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines used in oral pharmacology?

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
Enhancement of GABA receptors
Blocking histamine receptors
Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis

Question 85 of 93

85. Question

Which medication class should be avoided by patients with asthma during orthodontic treatment, as it can trigger asthma attacks?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Corticosteroids
Muscle relaxants
Antihistamines

Question 86 of 93

86. Question

Which class of medication may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders during orthodontic treatment? –

Analgesics
Muscle relaxants
Corticosteroids
Antibiotics

Question 87 of 93

87. Question

Which medication may be prescribed to address persistent or severe oral infections during orthodontic treatment?

Analgesics
Topical antifungals
Systemic antifungals
Antibiotics

Question 88 of 93

88. Question

Which medication is used for the relief of pain following dental procedures?

Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen
Naproxen
All of the above

Question 89 of 93

89. Question

Which class of drugs is commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation in oral conditions?

Antihypertensives
Analgesics
Antifungals
Antibiotics Answer: B) Analgesics Explanation:

Question 90 of 93

90. Question

Which class of drugs is commonly used for treating angina (chest pain) and may be prescribed in dental practice for cardiovascular considerations?

Antihypertensives
Analgesics
Nitrates
Anticoagulants

Question 91 of 93

91. Question

What is the potential impact of hormonal changes during puberty on orthodontic treatment in teenagers?

Delay or hinder tooth movement due to reduced bone metabolism.
Increase the risk of gum inflammation and soft tissue overgrowth.
Require more frequent adjustments and longer treatment duration.
All of the above.

Question 92 of 93

92. Question

Which medication is commonly used as an adjunctive treatment for orthodontic pain and discomfort?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Antibiotics
Antacids
Antihistamines

Question 93 of 93

93. Question

What is the primary purpose of prescribing calcium channel blockers in orthodontics?

Enhance tooth movement
Reduce pain
Relax jaw muscles
Control bleeding